Ileana Sasu
University of Tours—ICD (fr)
Résumé
L’article analyse l’image du bâton fleurissant dans trois vies de sainte Audrey (Audrée ou Étheldrède d’Ely) : une en ancien français et deux en moyen anglais, ainsi que dans d’autres textes dévotionnels. L’étude montre comment, au-delà des mots, ce sont des images qui sont transférées d’une langue à une autre lors du processus de traduction. Ces images véhiculées dans les textes déterminent le choix des mots dans la traduction. L’analyse s’appuie sur deux extraits en moyen-anglais. Le premier est tiré d’une édition inédite de la vie de sainte Audrey en prose, conservée à Corpus Christi College à Oxford, et l’autre de la vie en prose conservée dans Ms Additional 2604 à Cambridge University Library, un texte écrit pour les membre d’une communauté e monastique féminine. Le texte en ancien français est tiré du poème datant du xii siècle La vie seinte Audree, noneyne de Ely, composé par une dénommée Marie—soit Marie de France, la fameuse poétesse, soit par une nonne anglo-normande au même prénom. À ces textes s’ajoutent d’autres exemples tirés de sources latines afin de démontrer l’interopérabilité de l’image du bâton fleurissant dans les textes médiévaux.
Mots-clés: traductologie ; hagiographie ; sainte Audrey ; thèmes et motifs littéraires ; langues vernaculaires
Rezumat
Articolul analizează imaginea toiagului înflorit în trei vieți ale Sfintei Audrey (sau Etheldreda de la Ely): una în franceză veche și două în engleză mijlocie, precum și în alte texte devoționale. Studiul arată cum, dincolo de cuvinte, imaginile sunt transferate dintr-o limbă într-alta în timpul procesului de traducere. Imaginile vehiculate de texte determină alegerea cuvintelor în traducere. Analiza se bazează pe două extrase în limba engleză medie. Primul este dintr-o ediție inedită a vieții în proză a Sfintei Audrey, acum într-un manuscris de la Corpus Christi College, Oxford, iar cealaltă din viața în proză din manuscrisul Additional 2604 de la Biblioteca Universității Cambridge, un text scris pentru o membră a unei comunități monahale feminine. Textul în franceză veche este preluat din poemul din secolul al xii-lea La vie seinte Audree, nonneyne de Ely, compus de o autoare pe nume Marie — ife Marie de France, celebra poetesă, ife o călugăriță anglo-normandă cu același prenume. Acestor texte li se adaugă alte exemple preluate din surse latine pentru a demonstra interoperabilitatea imaginii toiagului înflorit în literatura medievală.
Cuvinte cheie: traductologie; hagiografie; sfânta Audrey; teme și motive literare; limbi vernaculare. Saint Audrey or Etheldreda—Æthelthryth by her Anglo-Upon her ifrst husband’s death, saint Audrey retired to the Isle of Ely. She would later hav e to re-marry the Saxon name—was a daughter of King Anna (or Onna) King of Northumbria for political reasons, but in the end, of East Anglia and uQeen Hereswide, married twice all she would take up vows as a nun, like other notable while respecting her vow of perpetual virginity, and 1 women from her family. When her second royal husband founded the monastery of Ely in 673. would no longer accept the chaste cohabitation she had From the historical point of view, there did live an imposed, and attempted to consummate their marriage, English princess named Etheldreda around 640; she was Audrey escaped and fled to Ely with two companions probably born at Exning, legend has it, near the town of (either serving girls or nuns, depending on the version), Newmarket in Suffolk. She made an early ifrst marriage (about 652) to Duke Tondbert or Tonbercht, chief of the a story told by many sources. In one of the versions, ifrst recorded in the 12th-centurLiber Eliensis (hereatfer y South Gyrvians, whose territory bordered East Anglia, Book of Ely), saint Audrey is walking in a scorching heat, but is alleged to have remained a virgin until her hus- seeking shade and praying God to lead her to a sheltered band’s death in 655, as she had managed to persuade place, which happens to be a meadow. There, she plants him to respect the vow of perpetual virginity she had her staff in the ground, and it miraculously grows into made before her marriage. During their marriage, the duke gave her the lands of “the Isle of Ely” (“the island of a tree. Since this episode is the object of the current 2 analysis of translation clusters and formulae, it is perhaps eels” according to Venerable Bede, an area surrounded best to present the passage in full: by marshes in the Cambridgeshire Fens, where the town and cathedral of Ely now lie—Fig. 1). Cumque ambularet calore solis urente et ex labore insolito Fig. 1. The vault of the Octagon of Ely Cathedral (14th century). nimium fatigata vix subsistere valuit, locum umbraculi et Credits: Ileana Sasu. amenitatis quo sinus sudore diffluos refrigerare et in no- vis membra posset tabescentia viribus refacere diligenter Museikon, Alba Iulia, 7, 2023, pp. 9-16 | 9
